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Sexually-Transmitted Diseases Affecting Fertility in Women | Dr Shivani Sachdev Gour



The problem of infertility across all the social classes is increasing in India. This is due to prolonged studies, career related delay, open society with youngsters opting for one night stands and multiple partners. This allows a lot of opportunities for sexually transmitted disease (STD) as an important cause of infertility. These infections do not spare the males also. So it is essential for youngsters to be aware of STDs not only HIV/AIDs but also innocuous ones like Chlamydia that can silently destroy the reproductive system.

Infections that are passed from one human to another during unprotected sexual intercourse are called STDs. They can occur following vaginal, anal, oral or any other form of sex. Other routes of infection spread include sharing IV needles, from mother to child - intrauterine, during childbirth or breastfeeding.

Almost 3/4th of sexually active people will contract some type of infection during their lifetime. This is more common in young people in their teens and twenties. USA reports more than 19 million new cases of STIs every year and 25% of these are in the teens. The American Social Health Association puts the rate of STD related fertility problems as 15% of all infertilities. Recurrent episodes of PID further increase the risk of infertility. It is estimated that the risk of infertility with PID increases form 15% with 1 episode, to 35% and 75% with two and three episodes respectively. Further nine% of women who have PID caused by chlamydia will experience ectopic pregnancy.

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